Value of researches of a thermal stream. An average temperature gradient

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The average temperature gradient was defined at an assumption, that in a measurement point horizontal extent of the tank containing water is great in comparison with depth of a roof of the tank. In case of accumulation of geothermal energy in the quantities necessary for industrial use, horizontal extent it is abnormal nagretyh bowels always big in relation to depth of the developed tank. The power station capacity 100 MVt, fed with steam from a geothermal field, spends from 1000 to 2000 t pair at an o'clock. This large quantity of a hot fluid is taken out from bowels and should replenish with inflow of underground waters to the hyperthermal tank. The cooled fluids from turbines usually again zakachivajutsja in layers, which have no close connection with the tank to avoid deposit temperature drop.

Industrial value of hydrothermal resources is defined by following factors:

Depth zaleganija hot vodonosnogo a layer and drilling cost;

In temperature of a hot fluid;

Throughput vodonosnogo horizon (permeability product on capacity) and an exit of a hot fluid from each drilled chink;

A chemical compound of a geothermal fluid in connection with a problem of corrosion of pipes and a scaling;

In distance between a chink and the consumer; it has special value if heat is used not for electric power manufacture (and for heating of premises and for the industrial purposes) as transfer of hot water on pipes on the big distance costs much;

Potential possibilities and needs of the consumer. If heat is used for heating of buildings the requirement becomes the greatest during the winter period; high peak loading strongly affects profitability of system of heating. At operation of geothermal resources with low entalpiej which cannot be used for electric power manufacture, it is necessary to pay attention to some minimum economic requirements. Geothermal heat can, apparently, is successful compete to other, habitual thermal sources if following conditions are satisfied: 1) existence hot vodonosnogo a layer with the transmittivity exceeding 1000 D-m on depth less 4 km; 2) constant preservation of peak productivity of an industrial chink at level more than 12 Gkal/ch (14 MVt thermal) and commercial productivity more than 24 000 Gkal/year (100 TDZH/YEAR) for the consumers located in immediate proximity from chinks; 3) absence of strong corrosion and a scum. Artesian self-outpouring from hot vodonosnogo horizon reduces operational expenses and, hence, facilitates performance of all requirements set forth above.